Certified Pediatric Hematology Oncology Nurse (CPHON) Practice Exam 2026 - Free CPHON Practice Questions and Study Guide

A key nursing intervention for managing Acute Chest Syndrome is encouraging incentive spirometry. This intervention is crucial, especially for patients with sickle cell disease, as Acute Chest Syndrome can be precipitated by lung-related complications such as infections or pulmonary obstruction due to sickling of red blood cells. Incentive spirometry is designed to promote deep breathing, which helps in expanding the alveoli and prevents atelectasis (collapse of part or all of a lung).

By encouraging patients to use the incentive spirometer, nurses can help improve ventilation, increase oxygenation, and decrease the risk of further complications from poor lung function. Deep breathing exercises also aid in mobilizing secretions and promoting effective coughing, which is particularly important in the context of respiratory distress commonly seen in Acute Chest Syndrome.

While increasing fluid intake is generally important in managing sickle cell disease, it is not the primary focus in the context of Acute Chest Syndrome when respiratory support is required. Similarly, a high protein diet does not specifically address the immediate needs associated with this condition. Reducing physical activity is often recommended for patients experiencing a pain crisis or severe symptoms, but promoting deep breathing through incentive spirometry is far more beneficial for the acute respiratory concerns linked with this syndrome.